What should you do if your house is damaged after an earthquake?

Question

It's crucial to prioritize your safety after an earthquake. Here's a breakdown of what you should do if your house is damaged:

1. Safety First:

Be aware of aftershocks: These can occur for weeks or even months after the main earthquake and can cause further damage, especially to weakened structures. Be prepared to "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" if you feel any shaking.
Evacuate if necessary: If your home has sustained significant damage (like cracks in the foundation, collapsed walls, or a leaning structure), it's not safe to stay inside. Evacuate immediately to a clear, open area away from buildings, power lines, and trees.
Check for hazards: Look out for:
- Downed power lines: Stay far away and report them to the authorities.
- Gas leaks: If you smell gas or hear a hissing sound, evacuate immediately and call the gas company or emergency services from a safe location. Do not use anything electrical that could create a spark.
- Chemical spills: Be cautious of any spilled hazardous materials.
- Unstable structures: Be aware of damaged walls, ceilings, and chimneys that could collapse.
Wear protective clothing: When moving around debris, wear sturdy shoes, long sleeves, and gloves to prevent injuries.

2. Inspect Your Home Carefully (Only if it's deemed safe to enter by authorities or if damage appears minimal):

Exterior inspection:
- Check for any shifting or crookedness of the house.
- Look for cracks in the foundation and outside walls.
- Examine the roof and chimney for damage or loose materials.
- Inspect the ground around your home for fissures or shifts.
Interior inspection:
- Use a flashlight: Do not use candles or open flames for lighting.
- Check for structural damage: Look for cracks in walls and ceilings (especially "stair-step" or "X" shaped cracks), buckled floors, and doors or windows that are jammed or don't open/close properly.
- Inspect utilities: Check for damage to gas, water, and electrical systems. If you suspect a leak or damage, turn off the respective utility at the main valve or breaker if it's safe to do so.
- Be aware of falling objects: Open cupboards carefully as items may have shifted. Watch out for loose light fixtures and hanging objects.
- Check for water damage: Look for leaks in the roof or around pipes.

3. Document the Damage:

Take photos and videos: Thoroughly document all damage to your property, both inside and out. This will be crucial for insurance claims.
Make written notes: Describe the damage in detail, including the location and severity.

4. Contact Your Insurance Company:

Report the damage promptly: Call your insurance provider as soon as possible to begin the claims process.
Provide detailed information: Be ready to describe the damage and provide any photos or videos you've taken.
Ask about your policy coverage: Understand what your homeowner's or earthquake insurance policy covers regarding repairs, temporary housing, and other expenses.

5. Prevent Further Damage:

Take reasonable steps to protect your property from further damage, such as covering broken windows or temporary repairs to prevent water intrusion. Keep records of any expenses related to these temporary repairs.

6. Seek Professional Help:

Consult a structural engineer or building inspector: If you have concerns about the structural integrity of your home, have it inspected by a qualified professional before making any significant repairs or re-entering areas that seem unsafe.
Hire licensed contractors: For repairs beyond minor cosmetic fixes, use licensed and reputable contractors to ensure the work is done safely and up to code.

7. Be Patient and Prepared for Recovery:

The recovery process after an earthquake can take time. Be patient and follow the guidance of local authorities and emergency responders.
Monitor local news and official channels for information on assistance programs, shelters, and safety advisories.

Important Reminder: Your safety is the top priority. Do not re-enter a damaged building if authorities have deemed it unsafe or if you have serious concerns about its structural integrity.